Asking is common activity in our daily life. We always use it when we want to know some informations. In sentence, both English and bahasa Indonesia have their own structure.
English : Bahasa Indonesia
What do you doing? Apa yang kamu lakukan?
(Q) (Aux) (S) (V) (Q) (S) (V)
When did he arrive? Kapan dia datang?
(Q) (Aux) (S) (V) (Q) (S) (V)
Where do you live? Dimana kamu tinggal?
(Q) (Aux) (S) (V) (Q) (S) (V)
English : Bahasa Indonesia
What do you doing? Apa yang kamu lakukan?
(Q) (Aux) (S) (V) (Q) (S) (V)
When did he arrive? Kapan dia datang?
(Q) (Aux) (S) (V) (Q) (S) (V)
Where do you live? Dimana kamu tinggal?
(Q) (Aux) (S) (V) (Q) (S) (V)
You can compare those exsamples. Can you conclude what the difference is? In English, we have auxiliary verb which is put after Question (Q). In bahasa Indonesia, we sometimes have it like the first example. The word "yang" is used to explain the next phrase explaining previous phrase. Let's make it easy, "yang" is a word to connect two phrases. That's the point. Look at the next examples, the second and the third (in bahasa Indonesia) don't need auxiliary verb like in English. We just need S and V after question. It's pretty simple. Besides, bahasa Indonesia doesn't have structure based on the time. In English, we have many structures when the time has changed. So, we must suit the auxiliary verb based on the time we talk about. These are another example about question in bahasa Indonesia :
What---------Apa
When--------Kapan
Where-------Dimana / Darimana
Who---------Siapa
Which--------Yang Mana
Why---------Mengapa
How---------Bagaimana
Daily Conversation
A : Hei, what are they doing?
Hei, apa yang sedang mereka lakukan?
B : I don't know...Who are they? I've never seen them before
Aku tidak tahu....Siapa mereka? Aku tidak pernah melihat mereka sebelumnya
C : Ooooh..they are my new neighbour. They are playing with the soil
Ooooh..mereka tetangga baruku. Mereka sedang bermain dengan tanah.
B : Where do they come from?
Darimana mereka berasal?
C : They come from U.K.
Mereka dari Inggris
B : When did they arrive?
Kapan mereka datang?
C : They arrived 2 days ago. Why do you want to know more about them?
Mereka datang 2 hari yang lalu. Mengapa kamu ingin banyak mengetahui tentang mereka?
A : I know...he likes that girl, don't you?
Aku tahu... dia menyukai gadis itu, benar kan?
C : Really? Which one?
Sungguh? Yang mana?
B : Hahaha..How do you know that i like her? She is very beautiful!
Hahaha...Bagaimana kamu tahu aku menyukai dia? Dia sangat cantik!
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